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<?php

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// getID3() by James Heinrich <info@getid3.org>               //
//  available at https://github.com/JamesHeinrich/getID3       //
//            or https://www.getid3.org                        //
//            or http://getid3.sourceforge.net                 //
//  see readme.txt for more details                            //
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//                                                             //
// module.audio.ac3.php                                        //
// module for analyzing AC-3 (aka Dolby Digital) audio files   //
// dependencies: NONE                                          //
//                                                            ///
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

if (!defined('GETID3_INCLUDEPATH')) { // prevent path-exposing attacks that access modules directly on public webservers
	exit;
}

class getid3_ac3 extends getid3_handler
{
	/**
	 * @var array
	 */
	private $AC3header = array();

	/**
	 * @var int
	 */
	private $BSIoffset = 0;

	const syncword = 0x0B77;

	/**
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function Analyze() {
		$info = &$this->getid3->info;

		///AH
		$info['ac3']['raw']['bsi'] = array();
		$thisfile_ac3              = &$info['ac3'];
		$thisfile_ac3_raw          = &$thisfile_ac3['raw'];
		$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi      = &$thisfile_ac3_raw['bsi'];


		// http://www.atsc.org/standards/a_52a.pdf

		$info['fileformat'] = 'ac3';

		// An AC-3 serial coded audio bit stream is made up of a sequence of synchronization frames
		// Each synchronization frame contains 6 coded audio blocks (AB), each of which represent 256
		// new audio samples per channel. A synchronization information (SI) header at the beginning
		// of each frame contains information needed to acquire and maintain synchronization. A
		// bit stream information (BSI) header follows SI, and contains parameters describing the coded
		// audio service. The coded audio blocks may be followed by an auxiliary data (Aux) field. At the
		// end of each frame is an error check field that includes a CRC word for error detection. An
		// additional CRC word is located in the SI header, the use of which, by a decoder, is optional.
		//
		// syncinfo() | bsi() | AB0 | AB1 | AB2 | AB3 | AB4 | AB5 | Aux | CRC

		// syncinfo() {
		// 	 syncword    16
		// 	 crc1        16
		// 	 fscod        2
		// 	 frmsizecod   6
		// } /* end of syncinfo */

		$this->fseek($info['avdataoffset']);
		$tempAC3header = $this->fread(100); // should be enough to cover all data, there are some variable-length fields...?
		$this->AC3header['syncinfo']  =     getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($tempAC3header, 0, 2));
		$this->AC3header['bsi']       =     getid3_lib::BigEndian2Bin(substr($tempAC3header, 2));
		$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['bsid'] = (getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($tempAC3header, 5, 1)) & 0xF8) >> 3; // AC3 and E-AC3 put the "bsid" version identifier in the same place, but unfortnately the 4 bytes between the syncword and the version identifier are interpreted differently, so grab it here so the following code structure can make sense
		unset($tempAC3header);

		if ($this->AC3header['syncinfo'] !== self::syncword) {
			if (!$this->isDependencyFor('matroska')) {
				unset($info['fileformat'], $info['ac3']);
				return $this->error('Expecting "'.dechex(self::syncword).'" at offset '.$info['avdataoffset'].', found "'.dechex($this->AC3header['syncinfo']).'"');
			}
		}

		$info['audio']['dataformat']   = 'ac3';
		$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'cbr';
		$info['audio']['lossless']     = false;

		if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['bsid'] <= 8) {

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['crc1']       = getid3_lib::Bin2Dec($this->readHeaderBSI(16));
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod']      =                     $this->readHeaderBSI(2);   // 5.4.1.3
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['frmsizecod'] =                     $this->readHeaderBSI(6);   // 5.4.1.4
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['frmsizecod'] > 37) { // binary: 100101 - see Table 5.18 Frame Size Code Table (1 word = 16 bits)
				$this->warning('Unexpected ac3.bsi.frmsizecod value: '.$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['frmsizecod'].', bitrate not set correctly');
			}

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['bsid']  = $this->readHeaderBSI(5); // we already know this from pre-parsing the version identifier, but re-read it to let the bitstream flow as intended
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['bsmod'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(3);
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(3);

			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] & 0x01) {
				// If the lsb of acmod is a 1, center channel is in use and cmixlev follows in the bit stream.
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['cmixlev'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
				$thisfile_ac3['center_mix_level'] = self::centerMixLevelLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['cmixlev']);
			}

			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] & 0x04) {
				// If the msb of acmod is a 1, surround channels are in use and surmixlev follows in the bit stream.
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['surmixlev'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
				$thisfile_ac3['surround_mix_level'] = self::surroundMixLevelLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['surmixlev']);
			}

			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] == 0x02) {
				// When operating in the two channel mode, this 2-bit code indicates whether or not the program has been encoded in Dolby Surround.
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dsurmod'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
				$thisfile_ac3['dolby_surround_mode'] = self::dolbySurroundModeLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dsurmod']);
			}

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['lfeon'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);

			// This indicates how far the average dialogue level is below digital 100 percent. Valid values are 1-31.
			// The value of 0 is reserved. The values of 1 to 31 are interpreted as -1 dB to -31 dB with respect to digital 100 percent.
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dialnorm'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(5);                 // 5.4.2.8 dialnorm: Dialogue Normalization, 5 Bits

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['compr'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);       // 5.4.2.9 compre: Compression Gain Word Exists, 1 Bit
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['compr']) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['compr'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(8);                // 5.4.2.10 compr: Compression Gain Word, 8 Bits
				$thisfile_ac3['heavy_compression'] = self::heavyCompression($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['compr']);
			}

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['langcod'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);     // 5.4.2.11 langcode: Language Code Exists, 1 Bit
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['langcod']) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['langcod'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(8);              // 5.4.2.12 langcod: Language Code, 8 Bits
			}

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['audprodinfo'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);  // 5.4.2.13 audprodie: Audio Production Information Exists, 1 Bit
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['audprodinfo']) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixlevel'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(5);             // 5.4.2.14 mixlevel: Mixing Level, 5 Bits
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['roomtyp']  = $this->readHeaderBSI(2);             // 5.4.2.15 roomtyp: Room Type, 2 Bits

				$thisfile_ac3['mixing_level'] = (80 + $thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixlevel']).'dB';
				$thisfile_ac3['room_type']    = self::roomTypeLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['roomtyp']);
			}


			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dialnorm2'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(5);                // 5.4.2.16 dialnorm2: Dialogue Normalization, ch2, 5 Bits
			$thisfile_ac3['dialogue_normalization2'] = '-'.$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dialnorm2'].'dB';  // This indicates how far the average dialogue level is below digital 100 percent. Valid values are 1-31. The value of 0 is reserved. The values of 1 to 31 are interpreted as -1 dB to -31 dB with respect to digital 100 percent.

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['compr2'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);       // 5.4.2.17 compr2e: Compression Gain Word Exists, ch2, 1 Bit
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['compr2']) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['compr2'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(8);               // 5.4.2.18 compr2: Compression Gain Word, ch2, 8 Bits
				$thisfile_ac3['heavy_compression2'] = self::heavyCompression($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['compr2']);
			}

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['langcod2'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);    // 5.4.2.19 langcod2e: Language Code Exists, ch2, 1 Bit
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['langcod2']) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['langcod2'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(8);             // 5.4.2.20 langcod2: Language Code, ch2, 8 Bits
			}

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['audprodinfo2'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); // 5.4.2.21 audprodi2e: Audio Production Information Exists, ch2, 1 Bit
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['audprodinfo2']) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixlevel2'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(5);            // 5.4.2.22 mixlevel2: Mixing Level, ch2, 5 Bits
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['roomtyp2']  = $this->readHeaderBSI(2);            // 5.4.2.23 roomtyp2: Room Type, ch2, 2 Bits

				$thisfile_ac3['mixing_level2'] = (80 + $thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixlevel2']).'dB';
				$thisfile_ac3['room_type2']    = self::roomTypeLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['roomtyp2']);
			}

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['copyright'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);         // 5.4.2.24 copyrightb: Copyright Bit, 1 Bit

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['original']  = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);         // 5.4.2.25 origbs: Original Bit Stream, 1 Bit

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['timecod1'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(2);            // 5.4.2.26 timecod1e, timcode2e: Time Code (first and second) Halves Exist, 2 Bits
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['timecod1'] & 0x01) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['timecod1'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(14);            // 5.4.2.27 timecod1: Time code first half, 14 bits
				$thisfile_ac3['timecode1'] = 0;
				$thisfile_ac3['timecode1'] += (($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['timecod1'] & 0x3E00) >>  9) * 3600;  // The first 5 bits of this 14-bit field represent the time in hours, with valid values of 0�23
				$thisfile_ac3['timecode1'] += (($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['timecod1'] & 0x01F8) >>  3) *   60;  // The next 6 bits represent the time in minutes, with valid values of 0�59
				$thisfile_ac3['timecode1'] += (($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['timecod1'] & 0x0003) >>  0) *    8;  // The final 3 bits represents the time in 8 second increments, with valid values of 0�7 (representing 0, 8, 16, ... 56 seconds)
			}
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['timecod1'] & 0x02) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['timecod2'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(14);            // 5.4.2.28 timecod2: Time code second half, 14 bits
				$thisfile_ac3['timecode2'] = 0;
				$thisfile_ac3['timecode2'] += (($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['timecod2'] & 0x3800) >> 11) *   1;              // The first 3 bits of this 14-bit field represent the time in seconds, with valid values from 0�7 (representing 0-7 seconds)
				$thisfile_ac3['timecode2'] += (($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['timecod2'] & 0x07C0) >>  6) *  (1 / 30);        // The next 5 bits represents the time in frames, with valid values from 0�29 (one frame = 1/30th of a second)
				$thisfile_ac3['timecode2'] += (($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['timecod2'] & 0x003F) >>  0) * ((1 / 30) / 60);  // The final 6 bits represents fractions of 1/64 of a frame, with valid values from 0�63
			}

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['addbsi'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['addbsi']) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['addbsi_length'] = $this->readHeaderBSI(6) + 1; // This 6-bit code, which exists only if addbside is a 1, indicates the length in bytes of additional bit stream information. The valid range of addbsil is 0�63, indicating 1�64 additional bytes, respectively.

				$this->AC3header['bsi'] .= getid3_lib::BigEndian2Bin($this->fread($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['addbsi_length']));

				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['addbsi_data'] = substr($this->AC3header['bsi'], $this->BSIoffset, $thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['addbsi_length'] * 8);
				$this->BSIoffset += $thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['addbsi_length'] * 8;
			}


		} elseif ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['bsid'] <= 16) { // E-AC3


			$this->error('E-AC3 parsing is incomplete and experimental in this version of getID3 ('.$this->getid3->version().'). Notably the bitrate calculations are wrong -- value might (or not) be correct, but it is not calculated correctly. Email info@getid3.org if you know how to calculate EAC3 bitrate correctly.');
			$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'eac3';

			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['strmtyp']          =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['substreamid']      =        $this->readHeaderBSI(3);
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['frmsiz']           =        $this->readHeaderBSI(11);
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod']            =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod'] == 3) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod2']       =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['numblkscod'] = 3; // six blocks per syncframe
			} else {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['numblkscod']   =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
			}
			$thisfile_ac3['bsi']['blocks_per_sync_frame'] = self::blocksPerSyncFrame($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['numblkscod']);
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod']            =        $this->readHeaderBSI(3);
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['lfeon']   = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['bsid']             =        $this->readHeaderBSI(5); // we already know this from pre-parsing the version identifier, but re-read it to let the bitstream flow as intended
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dialnorm']         =        $this->readHeaderBSI(5);
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['compr']       = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['compr']) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['compr']        =        $this->readHeaderBSI(8);
			}
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] == 0) { // if 1+1 mode (dual mono, so some items need a second value)
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dialnorm2']    =        $this->readHeaderBSI(5);
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['compr2']  = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['compr2']) {
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['compr2']   =        $this->readHeaderBSI(8);
				}
			}
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['strmtyp'] == 1) { // if dependent stream
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['chanmap'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['chanmap']) {
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['chanmap']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(8);
				}
			}
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['mixmdat']     = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['mixmdat']) { // Mixing metadata
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] > 2) { // if more than 2 channels
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dmixmod']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
				}
				if (($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] & 0x01) && ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] > 2)) { // if three front channels exist
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['ltrtcmixlev'] =        $this->readHeaderBSI(3);
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['lorocmixlev'] =        $this->readHeaderBSI(3);
				}
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] & 0x04) { // if a surround channel exists
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['ltrtsurmixlev'] =        $this->readHeaderBSI(3);
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['lorosurmixlev'] =        $this->readHeaderBSI(3);
				}
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['lfeon']) { // if the LFE channel exists
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['lfemixlevcod'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
					if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['lfemixlevcod']) {
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['lfemixlevcod']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(5);
					}
				}
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['strmtyp'] == 0) { // if independent stream
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['pgmscl'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
					if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['pgmscl']) {
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['pgmscl']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(6);
					}
					if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] == 0) { // if 1+1 mode (dual mono, so some items need a second value)
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['pgmscl2'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
						if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['pgmscl2']) {
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['pgmscl2']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(6);
						}
					}
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmscl'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
					if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmscl']) {
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['extpgmscl']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(6);
					}
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixdef']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
					if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixdef'] == 1) { // mixing option 2
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['premixcmpsel']  = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['drcsrc']        = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['premixcmpscl']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(3);
					} elseif ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixdef'] == 2) { // mixing option 3
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixdata']       =        $this->readHeaderBSI(12);
					} elseif ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixdef'] == 3) { // mixing option 4
						$mixdefbitsread = 0;
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixdeflen']     =        $this->readHeaderBSI(5); $mixdefbitsread += 5;
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['mixdata2'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
						if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['mixdata2']) {
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['premixcmpsel']  = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['drcsrc']        = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['premixcmpscl']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(3); $mixdefbitsread += 3;
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmlscl']   = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmlscl']) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['extpgmlscl']    =        $this->readHeaderBSI(4); $mixdefbitsread += 4;
							}
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmcscl']   = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmcscl']) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['extpgmcscl']    =        $this->readHeaderBSI(4); $mixdefbitsread += 4;
							}
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmrscl']   = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmrscl']) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['extpgmrscl']    =        $this->readHeaderBSI(4);
							}
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmlsscl']  = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmlsscl']) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['extpgmlsscl']   =        $this->readHeaderBSI(4); $mixdefbitsread += 4;
							}
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmrsscl']  = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmrsscl']) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['extpgmrsscl']   =        $this->readHeaderBSI(4); $mixdefbitsread += 4;
							}
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmlfescl'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmlfescl']) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['extpgmlfescl']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(4); $mixdefbitsread += 4;
							}
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['dmixscl']      = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['dmixscl']) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dmixscl']       =        $this->readHeaderBSI(4); $mixdefbitsread += 4;
							}
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['addch']        = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['addch']) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmaux1scl']   = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
								if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmaux1scl']) {
									$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['extpgmaux1scl']    =        $this->readHeaderBSI(4); $mixdefbitsread += 4;
								}
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmaux2scl']   = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
								if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['extpgmaux2scl']) {
									$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['extpgmaux2scl']    =        $this->readHeaderBSI(4); $mixdefbitsread += 4;
								}
							}
						}
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['mixdata3'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
						if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['mixdata3']) {
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['spchdat']   =        $this->readHeaderBSI(5); $mixdefbitsread += 5;
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['addspchdat'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
							if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['addspchdat']) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['spchdat1']   =         $this->readHeaderBSI(5); $mixdefbitsread += 5;
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['spchan1att'] =         $this->readHeaderBSI(2); $mixdefbitsread += 2;
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['addspchdat1'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1); $mixdefbitsread += 1;
								if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['addspchdat1']) {
									$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['spchdat2']   =         $this->readHeaderBSI(5); $mixdefbitsread += 5;
									$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['spchan2att'] =         $this->readHeaderBSI(3); $mixdefbitsread += 3;
								}
							}
						}
						$mixdata_bits = (8 * ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixdeflen'] + 2)) - $mixdefbitsread;
						$mixdata_fill = (($mixdata_bits % 8) ? 8 - ($mixdata_bits % 8) : 0);
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixdata']     =        $this->readHeaderBSI($mixdata_bits);
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixdatafill'] =        $this->readHeaderBSI($mixdata_fill);
						unset($mixdefbitsread, $mixdata_bits, $mixdata_fill);
					}
					if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] < 2) { // if mono or dual mono source
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['paninfo'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
						if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['paninfo']) {
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['panmean']   =        $this->readHeaderBSI(8);
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['paninfo']   =        $this->readHeaderBSI(6);
						}
						if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] == 0) { // if 1+1 mode (dual mono, so some items need a second value)
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['paninfo2'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
							if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['paninfo2']) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['panmean2']   =        $this->readHeaderBSI(8);
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['paninfo2']   =        $this->readHeaderBSI(6);
							}
						}
					}
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['frmmixcfginfo'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
					if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['frmmixcfginfo']) { // mixing configuration information
						if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['numblkscod'] == 0) {
							$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['blkmixcfginfo'][0]  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(5);
						} else {
							for ($blk = 0; $blk < $thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['numblkscod']; $blk++) {
								$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['blkmixcfginfo'.$blk] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
								if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['blkmixcfginfo'.$blk]) { // mixing configuration information
									$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['blkmixcfginfo'][$blk]  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(5);
								}
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['infomdat']          = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['infomdat']) { // Informational metadata
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['bsmod']                  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(3);
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['copyrightb']    = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['origbs']        = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] == 2) { //  if in 2/0 mode
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dsurmod']            =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dheadphonmod']       =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
				}
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] >= 6) { //  if both surround channels exist
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dsurexmod']          =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
				}
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['audprodi']      = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['audprodi']) {
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixlevel']           =        $this->readHeaderBSI(5);
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['roomtyp']            =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['adconvtyp'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
				}
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'] == 0) { //  if 1+1 mode (dual mono, so some items need a second value)
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['audprodi2']      = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
					if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['audprodi2']) {
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['mixlevel2']           =        $this->readHeaderBSI(5);
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['roomtyp2']            =        $this->readHeaderBSI(2);
						$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['adconvtyp2'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
					}
				}
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod'] < 3) { // if not half sample rate
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['sourcefscod'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
				}
			}
			if (($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['strmtyp'] == 0) && ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['numblkscod'] != 3)) { //  if both surround channels exist
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['convsync'] = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
			}
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['strmtyp'] == 2) { //  if bit stream converted from AC-3
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['numblkscod'] != 3) { // 6 blocks per syncframe
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['blkid']  = 1;
				} else {
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['blkid']  = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
				}
				if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['blkid']) {
					$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['frmsizecod']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(6);
				}
			}
			$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['addbsi']  = (bool) $this->readHeaderBSI(1);
			if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['addbsi']) {
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['addbsil']  =        $this->readHeaderBSI(6);
				$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['addbsi']   =        $this->readHeaderBSI(($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['addbsil'] + 1) * 8);
			}

		} else {

			$this->error('Bit stream identification is version '.$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['bsid'].', but getID3() only understands up to version 16. Please submit a support ticket with a sample file.');
			unset($info['ac3']);
			return false;

		}

		if (isset($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod2'])) {
			$thisfile_ac3['sample_rate'] = self::sampleRateCodeLookup2($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod2']);
		} else {
			$thisfile_ac3['sample_rate'] = self::sampleRateCodeLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod']);
		}
		if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod'] <= 3) {
			$info['audio']['sample_rate'] = $thisfile_ac3['sample_rate'];
		} else {
			$this->warning('Unexpected ac3.bsi.fscod value: '.$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod']);
		}
		if (isset($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['frmsizecod'])) {
			$thisfile_ac3['frame_length'] = self::frameSizeLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['frmsizecod'], $thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['fscod']);
			$thisfile_ac3['bitrate']      = self::bitrateLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['frmsizecod']);
		} elseif (!empty($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['frmsiz'])) {
			// this isn't right, but it's (usually) close, roughly 5% less than it should be.
			// but WHERE is the actual bitrate value stored in EAC3?? email info@getid3.org if you know!
			$thisfile_ac3['bitrate']      = ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['frmsiz'] + 1) * 16 * 30; // The frmsiz field shall contain a value one less than the overall size of the coded syncframe in 16-bit words. That is, this field may assume a value ranging from 0 to 2047, and these values correspond to syncframe sizes ranging from 1 to 2048.
			// kludge-fix to make it approximately the expected value, still not "right":
			$thisfile_ac3['bitrate'] = round(($thisfile_ac3['bitrate'] * 1.05) / 16000) * 16000;
		}
		$info['audio']['bitrate'] = $thisfile_ac3['bitrate'];

		if (isset($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['bsmod']) && isset($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'])) {
			$thisfile_ac3['service_type'] = self::serviceTypeLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['bsmod'], $thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod']);
		}
		$ac3_coding_mode = self::audioCodingModeLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod']);
		foreach($ac3_coding_mode as $key => $value) {
			$thisfile_ac3[$key] = $value;
		}
		switch ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod']) {
			case 0:
			case 1:
				$info['audio']['channelmode'] = 'mono';
				break;
			case 3:
			case 4:
				$info['audio']['channelmode'] = 'stereo';
				break;
			default:
				$info['audio']['channelmode'] = 'surround';
				break;
		}
		$info['audio']['channels'] = $thisfile_ac3['num_channels'];

		$thisfile_ac3['lfe_enabled'] = $thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['lfeon'];
		if ($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['lfeon']) {
			$info['audio']['channels'] .= '.1';
		}

		$thisfile_ac3['channels_enabled'] = self::channelsEnabledLookup($thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['acmod'], $thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['flags']['lfeon']);
		$thisfile_ac3['dialogue_normalization'] = '-'.$thisfile_ac3_raw_bsi['dialnorm'].'dB';

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $length
	 *
	 * @return int
	 */
	private function readHeaderBSI($length) {
		$data = substr($this->AC3header['bsi'], $this->BSIoffset, $length);
		$this->BSIoffset += $length;

		return bindec($data);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $fscod
	 *
	 * @return int|string|false
	 */
	public static function sampleRateCodeLookup($fscod) {
		static $sampleRateCodeLookup = array(
			0 => 48000,
			1 => 44100,
			2 => 32000,
			3 => 'reserved' // If the reserved code is indicated, the decoder should not attempt to decode audio and should mute.
		);
		return (isset($sampleRateCodeLookup[$fscod]) ? $sampleRateCodeLookup[$fscod] : false);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $fscod2
	 *
	 * @return int|string|false
	 */
	public static function sampleRateCodeLookup2($fscod2) {
		static $sampleRateCodeLookup2 = array(
			0 => 24000,
			1 => 22050,
			2 => 16000,
			3 => 'reserved' // If the reserved code is indicated, the decoder should not attempt to decode audio and should mute.
		);
		return (isset($sampleRateCodeLookup2[$fscod2]) ? $sampleRateCodeLookup2[$fscod2] : false);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $bsmod
	 * @param int $acmod
	 *
	 * @return string|false
	 */
	public static function serviceTypeLookup($bsmod, $acmod) {
		static $serviceTypeLookup = array();
		if (empty($serviceTypeLookup)) {
			for ($i = 0; $i <= 7; $i++) {
				$serviceTypeLookup[0][$i] = 'main audio service: complete main (CM)';
				$serviceTypeLookup[1][$i] = 'main audio service: music and effects (ME)';
				$serviceTypeLookup[2][$i] = 'associated service: visually impaired (VI)';
				$serviceTypeLookup[3][$i] = 'associated service: hearing impaired (HI)';
				$serviceTypeLookup[4][$i] = 'associated service: dialogue (D)';
				$serviceTypeLookup[5][$i] = 'associated service: commentary (C)';
				$serviceTypeLookup[6][$i] = 'associated service: emergency (E)';
			}

			$serviceTypeLookup[7][1]      = 'associated service: voice over (VO)';
			for ($i = 2; $i <= 7; $i++) {
				$serviceTypeLookup[7][$i] = 'main audio service: karaoke';
			}
		}
		return (isset($serviceTypeLookup[$bsmod][$acmod]) ? $serviceTypeLookup[$bsmod][$acmod] : false);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $acmod
	 *
	 * @return array|false
	 */
	public static function audioCodingModeLookup($acmod) {
		// array(channel configuration, # channels (not incl LFE), channel order)
		static $audioCodingModeLookup = array (
			0 => array('channel_config'=>'1+1', 'num_channels'=>2, 'channel_order'=>'Ch1,Ch2'),
			1 => array('channel_config'=>'1/0', 'num_channels'=>1, 'channel_order'=>'C'),
			2 => array('channel_config'=>'2/0', 'num_channels'=>2, 'channel_order'=>'L,R'),
			3 => array('channel_config'=>'3/0', 'num_channels'=>3, 'channel_order'=>'L,C,R'),
			4 => array('channel_config'=>'2/1', 'num_channels'=>3, 'channel_order'=>'L,R,S'),
			5 => array('channel_config'=>'3/1', 'num_channels'=>4, 'channel_order'=>'L,C,R,S'),
			6 => array('channel_config'=>'2/2', 'num_channels'=>4, 'channel_order'=>'L,R,SL,SR'),
			7 => array('channel_config'=>'3/2', 'num_channels'=>5, 'channel_order'=>'L,C,R,SL,SR'),
		);
		return (isset($audioCodingModeLookup[$acmod]) ? $audioCodingModeLookup[$acmod] : false);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $cmixlev
	 *
	 * @return int|float|string|false
	 */
	public static function centerMixLevelLookup($cmixlev) {
		static $centerMixLevelLookup;
		if (empty($centerMixLevelLookup)) {
			$centerMixLevelLookup = array(
				0 => pow(2, -3.0 / 6), // 0.707 (-3.0 dB)
				1 => pow(2, -4.5 / 6), // 0.595 (-4.5 dB)
				2 => pow(2, -6.0 / 6), // 0.500 (-6.0 dB)
				3 => 'reserved'
			);
		}
		return (isset($centerMixLevelLookup[$cmixlev]) ? $centerMixLevelLookup[$cmixlev] : false);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $surmixlev
	 *
	 * @return int|float|string|false
	 */
	public static function surroundMixLevelLookup($surmixlev) {
		static $surroundMixLevelLookup;
		if (empty($surroundMixLevelLookup)) {
			$surroundMixLevelLookup = array(
				0 => pow(2, -3.0 / 6),
				1 => pow(2, -6.0 / 6),
				2 => 0,
				3 => 'reserved'
			);
		}
		return (isset($surroundMixLevelLookup[$surmixlev]) ? $surroundMixLevelLookup[$surmixlev] : false);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $dsurmod
	 *
	 * @return string|false
	 */
	public static function dolbySurroundModeLookup($dsurmod) {
		static $dolbySurroundModeLookup = array(
			0 => 'not indicated',
			1 => 'Not Dolby Surround encoded',
			2 => 'Dolby Surround encoded',
			3 => 'reserved'
		);
		return (isset($dolbySurroundModeLookup[$dsurmod]) ? $dolbySurroundModeLookup[$dsurmod] : false);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int  $acmod
	 * @param bool $lfeon
	 *
	 * @return array
	 */
	public static function channelsEnabledLookup($acmod, $lfeon) {
		$lookup = array(
			'ch1'=>($acmod == 0),
			'ch2'=>($acmod == 0),
			'left'=>($acmod > 1),
			'right'=>($acmod > 1),
			'center'=>(bool) ($acmod & 0x01),
			'surround_mono'=>false,
			'surround_left'=>false,
			'surround_right'=>false,
			'lfe'=>$lfeon);
		switch ($acmod) {
			case 4:
			case 5:
				$lookup['surround_mono']  = true;
				break;
			case 6:
			case 7:
				$lookup['surround_left']  = true;
				$lookup['surround_right'] = true;
				break;
		}
		return $lookup;
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $compre
	 *
	 * @return float|int
	 */
	public static function heavyCompression($compre) {
		// The first four bits indicate gain changes in 6.02dB increments which can be
		// implemented with an arithmetic shift operation. The following four bits
		// indicate linear gain changes, and require a 5-bit multiply.
		// We will represent the two 4-bit fields of compr as follows:
		//   X0 X1 X2 X3 . Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7
		// The meaning of the X values is most simply described by considering X to represent a 4-bit
		// signed integer with values from -8 to +7. The gain indicated by X is then (X + 1) * 6.02 dB. The
		// following table shows this in detail.

		// Meaning of 4 msb of compr
		//  7    +48.16 dB
		//  6    +42.14 dB
		//  5    +36.12 dB
		//  4    +30.10 dB
		//  3    +24.08 dB
		//  2    +18.06 dB
		//  1    +12.04 dB
		//  0     +6.02 dB
		// -1         0 dB
		// -2     -6.02 dB
		// -3    -12.04 dB
		// -4    -18.06 dB
		// -5    -24.08 dB
		// -6    -30.10 dB
		// -7    -36.12 dB
		// -8    -42.14 dB

		$fourbit = str_pad(decbin(($compre & 0xF0) >> 4), 4, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
		if ($fourbit[0] == '1') {
			$log_gain = -8 + bindec(substr($fourbit, 1));
		} else {
			$log_gain = bindec(substr($fourbit, 1));
		}
		$log_gain = ($log_gain + 1) * getid3_lib::RGADamplitude2dB(2);

		// The value of Y is a linear representation of a gain change of up to -6 dB. Y is considered to
		// be an unsigned fractional integer, with a leading value of 1, or: 0.1 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7 (base 2). Y can
		// represent values between 0.111112 (or 31/32) and 0.100002 (or 1/2). Thus, Y can represent gain
		// changes from -0.28 dB to -6.02 dB.

		$lin_gain = (16 + ($compre & 0x0F)) / 32;

		// The combination of X and Y values allows compr to indicate gain changes from
		//  48.16 - 0.28 = +47.89 dB, to
		// -42.14 - 6.02 = -48.16 dB.

		return $log_gain - $lin_gain;
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $roomtyp
	 *
	 * @return string|false
	 */
	public static function roomTypeLookup($roomtyp) {
		static $roomTypeLookup = array(
			0 => 'not indicated',
			1 => 'large room, X curve monitor',
			2 => 'small room, flat monitor',
			3 => 'reserved'
		);
		return (isset($roomTypeLookup[$roomtyp]) ? $roomTypeLookup[$roomtyp] : false);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $frmsizecod
	 * @param int $fscod
	 *
	 * @return int|false
	 */
	public static function frameSizeLookup($frmsizecod, $fscod) {
		// LSB is whether padding is used or not
		$padding     = (bool) ($frmsizecod & 0x01);
		$framesizeid =        ($frmsizecod & 0x3E) >> 1;

		static $frameSizeLookup = array();
		if (empty($frameSizeLookup)) {
			$frameSizeLookup = array (
				0  => array( 128,  138,  192),  //  32 kbps
				1  => array( 160,  174,  240),  //  40 kbps
				2  => array( 192,  208,  288),  //  48 kbps
				3  => array( 224,  242,  336),  //  56 kbps
				4  => array( 256,  278,  384),  //  64 kbps
				5  => array( 320,  348,  480),  //  80 kbps
				6  => array( 384,  416,  576),  //  96 kbps
				7  => array( 448,  486,  672),  // 112 kbps
				8  => array( 512,  556,  768),  // 128 kbps
				9  => array( 640,  696,  960),  // 160 kbps
				10 => array( 768,  834, 1152),  // 192 kbps
				11 => array( 896,  974, 1344),  // 224 kbps
				12 => array(1024, 1114, 1536),  // 256 kbps
				13 => array(1280, 1392, 1920),  // 320 kbps
				14 => array(1536, 1670, 2304),  // 384 kbps
				15 => array(1792, 1950, 2688),  // 448 kbps
				16 => array(2048, 2228, 3072),  // 512 kbps
				17 => array(2304, 2506, 3456),  // 576 kbps
				18 => array(2560, 2786, 3840)   // 640 kbps
			);
		}
		$paddingBytes = 0;
		if (($fscod == 1) && $padding) {
			// frame lengths are padded by 1 word (16 bits) at 44100
			// (fscode==1) means 44100Hz (see sampleRateCodeLookup)
			$paddingBytes = 2;
		}
		return (isset($frameSizeLookup[$framesizeid][$fscod]) ? $frameSizeLookup[$framesizeid][$fscod] + $paddingBytes : false);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $frmsizecod
	 *
	 * @return int|false
	 */
	public static function bitrateLookup($frmsizecod) {
		// LSB is whether padding is used or not
		$padding     = (bool) ($frmsizecod & 0x01);
		$framesizeid =        ($frmsizecod & 0x3E) >> 1;

		static $bitrateLookup = array(
			 0 =>  32000,
			 1 =>  40000,
			 2 =>  48000,
			 3 =>  56000,
			 4 =>  64000,
			 5 =>  80000,
			 6 =>  96000,
			 7 => 112000,
			 8 => 128000,
			 9 => 160000,
			10 => 192000,
			11 => 224000,
			12 => 256000,
			13 => 320000,
			14 => 384000,
			15 => 448000,
			16 => 512000,
			17 => 576000,
			18 => 640000,
		);
		return (isset($bitrateLookup[$framesizeid]) ? $bitrateLookup[$framesizeid] : false);
	}

	/**
	 * @param int $numblkscod
	 *
	 * @return int|false
	 */
	public static function blocksPerSyncFrame($numblkscod) {
		static $blocksPerSyncFrameLookup = array(
			0 => 1,
			1 => 2,
			2 => 3,
			3 => 6,
		);
		return (isset($blocksPerSyncFrameLookup[$numblkscod]) ? $blocksPerSyncFrameLookup[$numblkscod] : false);
	}


}

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10 Best Real Money Online Casinos for USA Players in 2025\n<\/p>\n

Online casinos provide resources on responsible gaming, including tips for recognizing problem gambling and options for self-exclusion. Top USA online casinos implement these features to ensure players can enjoy online casino gambling responsibly and safely gamble online. You can expect welcome bonuses, no deposit bonuses バカラ ルール<\/em><\/strong><\/a> オンライン カジノ<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, free spins, and loyalty programs at online casinos to enhance your gaming experience and increase your winning potential. These bonuses can match a percentage of your deposit, offer free spins, or provide betting credits without requiring an initial deposit.\n<\/p>\n

The classic online casino experience is still the most popular way to gamble for real money at Ignition, and with so many games at your fingertips, it\u2019s easy to see why. There are hundreds of different online slots to play, along with dozens of table games, video poker, and specialty games like Keno. You can find these games under their respective menus on our home page, and you can see which games are really hot right now at Ignition by checking out the Most Popular list. You can even try out all these games for free by using the Practice mode before playing for real money.\n<\/p>\n

Whether you prefer playing slots, poker, or roulette, a well-rounded game selection can significantly impact your enjoyment. Always check if the online casino is a licensed US gambling site and meets industry standards before making a deposit. We will now delve into the unique features of each of these top online casinos which distinguish them in the competitive landscape of 2025.\n<\/p>\n

Beyond accessing a world of online gaming and winning opportunities, our signup bonus for new players helps you get started on this exciting journey. As a result, whether it\u2019s legal for you to use casinos online for real money hangs on your state. However, in between this complex web of regulations, offshore operators are available as a go-to option for American gamblers. These are international platforms that are not regulated by US laws, and many have built a trustworthy and reliable reputation. Our recommendations only include platforms that recognize this and have measures to promote responsible behavior. This includes self-exclusion options, deposit and time limits, and resources for users with gambling problems.\n<\/p>\n

Licensed casinos must comply with data protection laws, using encryption and safety protocols like SSL encryption to safeguard player data. Ignition Casino, for example, is licensed by the Kahnawake Gaming Commission and implements secure mobile gaming practices to ensure user safety. At 7Bit, you can play Bitcoin casino games online on any device of your choice. You can comfortably gamble on a home-based PC, whether it’s a Mac or Windows system. It\u2019s like having your home crypto casino オンライン カジノ<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, which you can \u2018visit\u2019 any time at just one click of a button. Submerge yourself in the exciting world of Las Atlantis Casino, where new members are greeted with a substantial no deposit bonus to explore the casino\u2019s offerings.\n<\/p>\n

Real money online casinos have been legalized in seven US states so far, but only four of those states operate with an open market, allowing players to choose from multiple licensed operators. Also known as software-based online casino games, the outcome of these games is determined using a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) software. This software ensures that every deal of the card ベラ ジョン カジノ<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, the outcome of a dice throw, or the results produced by the spinning of a slot machine or roulette wheel is totally random and unpredictable. PRNGs use a set of mathematical instructions known as an algorithm to generate a long stream of numbers that give the impression of true randomness. This is a term given to operators where games are streamed from a land-based location, such as the casino floor in Atlantic City. Players join a virtual game via a live feed and can place bets in real-time via video stream.\n<\/p>\n

Welcome to our blog バカラ ルール<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, where we’ll be diving into the captivating world of online casinos and exploring the positive direction in which they are heading. Gone are the days of traveling long distances to visit a land-based casino. With the advent of online gambling, the casino experience has become more accessible ステークカジノ<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, convenient, and enjoyable than ever before. Let’s explore the many reasons why online casinos are soaring in popularity and why they offer an exciting alternative for gaming enthusiasts around the globe. Worried about the safety of your personal and financial information?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

10 Best Real Money Online Casinos for USA Players in 2025 Online casinos provide resources on responsible gaming, including tips for recognizing problem gambling and options for self-exclusion. Top USA online casinos implement these features to ensure players can enjoy online casino gambling responsibly and safely gamble online. You can expect welcome bonuses, no deposit…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcpv.demarco.ddnsfree.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7524"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcpv.demarco.ddnsfree.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcpv.demarco.ddnsfree.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcpv.demarco.ddnsfree.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcpv.demarco.ddnsfree.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7524"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mcpv.demarco.ddnsfree.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7524\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7525,"href":"https:\/\/mcpv.demarco.ddnsfree.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7524\/revisions\/7525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcpv.demarco.ddnsfree.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcpv.demarco.ddnsfree.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcpv.demarco.ddnsfree.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}